Un campo magnético es una descripción matemática de la influencia magnética de las corrientes eléctricas y de los materiales magnéticos. El campo magnético en cualquier punto está especificado por dos valores, la dirección y la magnitud; de tal forma que es un campo vectorial. Específicamente, el campo magnético es un vector axial, como lo son los momentos mecánicos y los campos rotacionales. El campo magnético es más comúnmente definido en términos de la fuerza de Lorentz ejercida en cargas eléctricas. Campo magnético puede referirse a dos separados pero muy relacionados símbolos B y H. Los campos magnéticos son producidos por cualquier carga eléctrica en movimiento y el momento magnético intrínseco de las partículas elementales asociadas con una propiedad cuántica fundamental, su espín. En la relatividad especial, campos eléctricos y magnéticos son dos aspectos interrelacionados de un objeto, llamado el tensor electromagnético. Las fuerzas magnéticas dan información sobre la carga que lleva un material a través del efecto Hall. La interacción de los campos magnéticos en dispositivos eléctricos tales como transformadores es estudiada en la disciplina de circuitos magnéticos.

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A magnetic field is the magnetic effect of electric currents and magnetic materials. The magnetic field at any given point is specified by both a direction and a magnitude (or strength); as such it is a vector field. The term is used for two distinct but closely related fields denoted by the symbols B and H, where H is measured in units of amperes per meter (symbol: A·m−1 or A/m) in the SI. B is measured in teslas (symbol:T; note that although the symbol is capital T, "tesla" is written in lower case in the SI system) and newtons per meter per ampere (symbol: N·m−1·A−1 or N/(m·A)) in the SI. B is most commonly defined in terms of the Lorentz force it exerts on moving electric charges. Magnetic fields can be produced by moving electric charges and the intrinsic magnetic moments of elementary particles associated with a fundamental quantum property, their spin. In special relativity, electric and magnetic fields are two interrelated aspects of a single object, called the electromagnetic tensor; the split of this tensor into electric and magnetic fields depends on the relative velocity of the observer and charge. In quantum physics, the electromagnetic field is quantized and electromagnetic interactions result from the exchange of photons. In everyday life, magnetic fields are most often encountered as a force created by permanent magnets, which pull on ferromagnetic materials such as iron, cobalt, or nickel, and attract or repel other magnets. Magnetic fields are widely used throughout modern technology, particularly in electrical engineering and electromechanics. The Earth produces its own magnetic field, which is important in navigation, and it shields the Earth's atmosphere from solar wind. Rotating magnetic fields are used in both electric motors and generators. Magnetic forces give information about the charge carriers in a material through the Hall effect. The interaction of magnetic fields in electric devices such as transformers is studied in the discipline of magnetic circuits.

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