El tigre (Panthera tigris) es una de las cuatro especies de la subfamilia de los panterinos (familia Felidae) pertenecientes al género Panthera. Se encuentra solamente en el continente asiático; es un predador carnívoro y es la especie de félido más grande del mundo junto con el león pudiendo alcanzar ambos un tamaño comparable al de los felinos fósiles de mayor tamaño. Existen seis subespecies de tigre, de las cuales la de Bengala es la más numerosa; sus ejemplares constituyen cerca del 80 % de la población total de la especie; se encuentra en la India, Bangladés, Bután, Birmania y Nepal. Es una especie en peligro de extinción, y en la actualidad, la mayor parte de los tigres en el mundo viven en cautiverio. El tigre es el animal nacional de Bangladesh y la India. Es un animal solitario y territorial que generalmente suele habitar bosques densos, pero también áreas abiertas, como sabanas. Normalmente, el tigre caza animales de tamaño medio o grande, generalmente ungulados. En las seis diferentes subespecies existentes del tigre, hay una variación muy significativa del tamaño. Los tigres machos tienen un tamaño mucho mayor que el de las hembras. Análogamente, el territorio de un macho cubre generalmente un área mayor que el de una hembra.

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The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest cat species, most recognisable for their pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with a lighter underside. The largest wild tiger ever reported had a total body length of 3.38 m (11.1 ft) over curves and weighed 388.7 kg (857 lb). The species is classified in the genus Panthera with the lion, leopard, jaguar and snow leopard. Tigers are apex predators, primarily preying on ungulates such as deer and bovids. They are territorial and generally solitary but social animals, often requiring large contiguous areas of habitat that support their prey requirements. This, coupled with the fact that they are indigenous to some of the more densely populated places on Earth, has caused significant conflicts with humans. Tigers once ranged widely across Asia, from Turkey in the west to the eastern coast of Russia. Over the past 100 years, they have lost 93% of their historic range, and have been extirpated from southwest and central Asia, from the islands of Java and Bali, and from large areas of Southeast and Eastern Asia. Today, they range from the Siberian taiga to open grasslands and tropical mangrove swamps. The remaining six tiger subspecies have been classified as endangered by IUCN. The global population in the wild is estimated to number between 3,062 and 3,948 individuals, down from around 100,000 at the start of the 20th century, with most remaining populations occurring in small pockets isolated from each other, of which about 2,000 exist on the Indian subcontinent. A 2016 global census estimated the population of wild tigers at approximately 3,890 individuals. Major reasons for population decline include habitat destruction, habitat fragmentation and poaching. The extent of area occupied by tigers is estimated at less than 1,184,911 km2 (457,497 sq mi), a 41% decline from the area estimated in the mid-1990s. In 2016, wildlife conservation group at WWF declared that world's count of wild tigers has risen for the first time in a century. Tigers are among the most recognisable and popular of the world's charismatic megafauna. They have featured prominently in ancient mythology and folklore, and continue to be depicted in modern films and literature. They appear on many flags, coats of arms, and as mascots for sporting teams. The tiger is the national animal of Bangladesh, India, Malaysia and South Korea.

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