El concepto teológico, filosófico y antropológico de Dios (del latín: Deus) hace referencia a una deidad suprema. La vigesimotercera edición del Diccionario de la Real Academia Española lo define como el «ser supremo que en las religiones monoteístas es considerado hacedor del universo». Dios es el nombre que se le da en español a un ser supremo omnipotente, omnipresente, omnisciente y personal en religiones teístas y deístas (y otros sistemas de creencias) quien es: o bien la única deidad, en el monoteísmo, o la deidad principal, en algunas formas de politeísmo, como en el henoteísmo. Dios también puede significar un ser supremo no personal como en el panteísmo, y en algunas concepciones es una mera idea o razonamiento sin ninguna realidad subsistente fuera de la mente, como en los sistemas materialistas. A menudo Dios es concebido como el creador sobrenatural y supervisor del universo. Los teólogos han adscrito una variedad de atributos a las numerosas concepciones diferentes de Dios. Entre estos, los más comunes son omnisciencia, omnipotencia, omnipresencia, omnibenevolencia (perfecta bondad), simplicidad divina, y existencia eterna. Dios también ha sido concebido como de naturaleza incorpórea, un ser personal, la fuente de toda obligación moral, y el «mayor ser concebible con existencia».Estos atributos fueron descritos en diferentes grados por los primeros filósofos-teólogos judíos, cristianos y musulmanes, incluidos Maimónides, san Agustín,y Al-Ghazali, respectivamente. Muchos destacados filósofos medievales y filósofos modernos desarrollaron argumentos a favor de la existencia de Dios.En forma análoga, numerosos filósofos e intelectuales de renombre han desarrollado argumentos en contra de la existencia de Dios. Su conceptualización ha sido tema de debate en diversas civilizaciones.[cita requerida]

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In monotheism, God is conceived of as the Supreme Being and principal object of faith. The concept of God as described by most theologians includes the attributes of omniscience (infinite knowledge), omnipotence (unlimited power), omnipresence (present everywhere), divine simplicity, and as having an eternal and necessary existence. Many theologians also describe God as being omnibenevolent (perfectly good), and all loving. God is most often held to be incorporeal (immaterial), and to be without any human biological sex, yet the concept of God actively creating the universe (as opposed to passively) has caused many religions to describe God using masculine terminology, using such terms as "Him" or "Father". Furthermore, some religions (such as Judaism) attribute only a purely grammatical "gender" to God. Incorporeity and corporeity of God are related to conceptions of transcendence (being outside nature) and immanence (being in nature, in the world) of God, with positions of synthesis such as the "immanent transcendence" of Chinese theology. God has been conceived as either personal or impersonal. In theism, God is the creator and sustainer of the universe, while in deism, God is the creator, but not the sustainer, of the universe. In pantheism, God is the universe itself. In atheism, God is not believed to exist, while God is deemed unknown or unknowable within the context of agnosticism. God has also been conceived as the source of all moral obligation, and the "greatest conceivable existent". Many notable philosophers have developed arguments for and against the existence of God. There are many names for God, and different names are attached to different cultural ideas about God's identity and attributes. In the ancient Egyptian era of Atenism, possibly the earliest recorded monotheistic religion, this deity was called Aten, premised on being the one "true" Supreme Being and creator of the universe. In the Hebrew Bible and Judaism, "He Who Is", "I Am that I Am", and the tetragrammaton YHWH (Hebrew: יהוה‎‎, which means: "I am who I am"; "He Who Exists") are used as names of God, while Yahweh and Jehovah are sometimes used in Christianity as vocalizations of YHWH. In the Christian doctrine of the Trinity, God, consubstantial in three persons, is called the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. In Judaism, it is common to refer to God by the titular names Elohim or Adonai, the latter of which is believed by some scholars to descend from the Egyptian Aten. In Islam, the name Allah, "Al-El", or "Al-Elah" ("the God") is used, while Muslims also have a multitude of titular names for God. In Hinduism, Brahman is often considered a monistic concept of God. In Chinese religion, God is conceived as the progenitor (first ancestor) of the universe, intrinsic to it and constantly ordaining it. Other religions have names for God, for instance, Baha in the Bahá'í Faith, Waheguru in Sikhism, and Ahura Mazda in Zoroastrianism. The many different conceptions of God, and competing claims as to God's characteristics, aims, and actions, have led to the development of ideas of omnitheism, pandeism, or a perennial philosophy, which postulates that there is one underlying theological truth, of which all religions express a partial understanding, and as to which "the devout in the various great world religions are in fact worshipping that one God, but through different, overlapping concepts or mental images of Him."

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