Muerto en combate (en inglés KIA, killed in action) es una clasificación de bajas utilizada frecuentemente por los militares para señalar muertes en sus propias filas provocadas por fuerzas contrarias. Es posible aplicar el término muerto en combate tanto para las tropas que combaten en primera línea como para las unidades navales, aéreas y de apoyo o refuerzo. No suele incluir a fallecidos en accidentes, ataques terroristas, u otro tipo de eventos «no hostiles». El término muerto por heridas (en inglés DOW, dead of wounds) puede ser utilizado para tropas muertas en centros médicos en o tras el combate, debido a las heridas provocadas en el mismo.

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Killed in action (KIA) is a casualty classification generally used by militaries to describe the deaths of their own combatants at the hands of hostile forces. The United States Department of Defense, for example, says that those declared KIA need not have fired their weapons but have been killed due to hostile attack. KIAs do not come from incidents such as accidental vehicle crashes and other "non-hostile" events or terrorism. KIA can be applied both to front-line combat troops and to naval, air and support troops. Someone who is killed in action during a particular event is denoted with a † (dagger) beside their name to signify their death in that event or events. Further, KIA denotes one to have been killed in action on the battlefield whereas died of wounds (DOW) relates to someone who survived to reach a medical treatment facility. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) also uses DWRIA, rather than DOW, for "died of wounds received in action". However, historically, militaries and historians have used the former acronym. KIFA means "killed in flight accident". This term is used when personnel are killed in an aerial mishap that did not result from hostile action.

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