La Navidad (en latín: nativitas, ‘nacimiento’)?, también llamada coloquialmente «pascua», es una de las festividades más importantes del cristianismo, junto con la Pascua de resurrección y Pentecostés. Esta solemnidad, que conmemora el nacimiento de Jesucristo en Belén, se celebra el 25 de diciembre en la Iglesia católica, en la Iglesia anglicana, en algunas comunidades protestantes y en la mayoría de las Iglesias ortodoxas. En cambio, se festeja el 7 de enero en otras Iglesias ortodoxas como la Iglesia ortodoxa rusa o la Iglesia ortodoxa de Jerusalén, que no aceptaron la reforma hecha al calendario juliano para pasar al calendario conocido como gregoriano, nombre derivado de su reformador, el papa Gregorio XIII. El 25 de diciembre es un día festivo en muchos países celebrado por millones de personas alrededor del mundo y también por un gran número de no cristianos. Los angloparlantes utilizan el término Christmas, cuyo significado es ‘misa (mass) de Cristo’. En algunas lenguas germánicas, como el alemán, la fiesta se denomina Weihnachten, que significa ‘noche de bendición’. Las fiestas de la Navidad se proponen, como su nombre indica, celebrar la Natividad (es decir, el nacimiento) de Jesús de Nazaret. Existen varias teorías sobre cómo se llegó a celebrar la Navidad el 25 de diciembre, que surgen desde diversos modos de indagar, según algunos datos conocidos, en qué fecha habría nacido Jesús.

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Christmas or Christmas Day (Old English: Crīstesmæsse, meaning "Christ's Mass") is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus, observed most commonly on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world. A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is prepared for by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an Octave. Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated culturally by a large number of non-Christian people, and is an integral part of the holiday season, while some Christian groups reject the celebration. In several countries, celebrating Christmas Eve on December 24 has the main focus rather than December 25, with gift-giving and sharing a traditional meal with the family. While the month and date of Jesus' birth are unknown, by the early-to-mid 4th century, the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25, a date later adopted in the East. Today, most Christians celebrate Christmas on the date of December 25 in the Gregorian calendar, which is also the calendar in near-universal use in the secular world. However, some Eastern churches celebrate Christmas on the December 25 of the older Julian calendar, which currently corresponds to January 7 in the Gregorian calendar, the day after the Western Christian Church celebrates the Epiphany. This is not a disagreement over the date of Christmas as such, but rather a disagreement over which calendar should be used to determine the day that is December 25. The date of Christmas may have initially been chosen to correspond with the day exactly nine months after the day on which early Christians believed that Jesus was conceived, or with one or more ancient polytheistic festivals that occurred near the Roman winter solstice); a further solar connection has been suggested because of a biblical verse identifying Jesus as the "Sun of righteousness". The celebratory customs associated in various countries with Christmas have a mix of pre-Christian, Christian, and secular themes and origins. Popular modern customs of the holiday include gift giving, completing an Advent calendar or Advent wreath, Christmas music and caroling, lighting a Christingle, an exchange of Christmas cards, church services, a special meal, and the display of various Christmas decorations, including Christmas trees, Christmas lights, nativity scenes, garlands, wreaths, mistletoe, and holly. In addition, several closely related and often interchangeable figures, known as Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Saint Nicholas, and Christkind, are associated with bringing gifts to children during the Christmas season and have their own body of traditions and lore. Because gift-giving and many other aspects of the Christmas festival involve heightened economic activity, the holiday has become a significant event and a key sales period for retailers and businesses. The economic impact of Christmas is a factor that has grown steadily over the past few centuries in many regions of the world.

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