Los bienes económicos o bienes escasos, por oposición a los bienes libres, son aquellos que se adquieren en el mercado pero pagando un precio por ellos. Es decir, son bienes materiales e inmateriales que poseen un valor económico y que, por ende, son susceptibles de ser valuados en términos monetarios. En este sentido, el término bien se utiliza para nombrar cosas que son útiles a quienes las usan o poseen. En el ámbito del mercado, los bienes son cosas y mercancías que se intercambian las cuales tienen alguna demanda por parte de personas u organizaciones que consideran que reciben un beneficio al obtenerlos o consumirlos.

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In economics, a good is a material that satisfies human wants and provides utility, for example, to a consumer making a purchase while getting an enough-satisfying product. A common distinction is made between 'goods' that are tangible property, and services, which are non-physical. Commodities may be used as a synonym for economic goods but often refer to marketable raw materials and primary products. A good is a consumable item that is useful to people but scarce in relation to its demand, so that human effort is required to obtain it. In contrast, free goods, such as air, are naturally in abundant supply and need no conscious effort to obtain them. Although in economic theory all goods are considered tangible, in reality certain classes of goods, such as information, only take intangible forms. For example, among other goods an apple is a tangible object, while news belongs to an intangible class of goods and can be perceived only by means of an instrument such as print, broadcast or computer.

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