La farmacia (del griego φάρμακον /fármakon/, 'medicamento, veneno, tóxico') es la ciencia y práctica de la preparación, conservación, presentación y dispensación de medicamentos; también es el lugar donde se preparan, dispensan y venden los productos medicinales. Esta definición es la más universal y clásica que se solapa con el concepto de Farmacia Galénica (Galeno fue un médico griego del siglo II experto en preparar medicamentos). Antes del siglo XX y principios del mismo, la formulación y preparación de medicamentos se hacía por un solo farmacéutico o con el maestro farmacéutico. A partir del siglo XX, la elaboración de los medicamentos corre a cargo de la moderna industria farmacéutica, si bien siguen siendo farmacéuticos los que coordinan e investigan la formulación y preparación de medicamentos en las grandes empresas farmacéuticas. Recientemente se considera también práctica de la farmacia aconsejar al paciente en lo que se refiere a su medicación y asesorar a los médicos u otros profesionales sobre los medicamentos y su utilización (farmacia clínica y atención farmacéutica). Los farmacéuticos también colaboran en grupos de investigación con los químicos, los bioquímicos, los biólogos e ingenieros para descubrir y desarrollar compuestos químicos (y biológicos) con valor terapéutico. Además debido a las nuevas regulaciones internacionales en materia de higiene y salud públicas (OMS/ ICH), cada vez con más frecuencia se solicita su consejo en temas de salud pública.

Leer el artículo completo en Wikipedia · CC-BY-SA

Pharmacy is the science and technique of preparing and dispensing drugs. It is a health profession that links health sciences with chemical sciences and aims to ensure the safe and effective use of pharmaceutical drugs. The scope of pharmacy practice includes more traditional roles such as compounding and dispensing medications, and it also includes more modern services related to health care, including clinical services, reviewing medications for safety and efficacy, and providing drug information. Pharmacists, therefore, are the experts on drug therapy and are the primary health professionals who optimize use of medication for the benefit of the patients. An establishment in which pharmacy (in the first sense) is practiced is called a pharmacy (this term is more common in the United States) or a chemist's (which is more common in Great Britain). In the United States and Canada, drugstores commonly sell drugs, as well as miscellaneous items such as confectionery, cosmetics, office supplies, and magazines and occasionally refreshments and groceries. The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma, which had first been used sometime in the 15th–17th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison. In addition to pharma responsibilities, the pharma offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed solely by other specialist practitioners, such as surgery and midwifery. The pharma (as it was referred to) often operated through a retail shop which, in addition to ingredients for medicines, sold tobacco and patent medicines. Often the place that did this was called an apothecary and several languages have this as the dominant term, though their practices are more akin to a modern pharmacy, in English the term apothecary would today be seen as outdated or only approproriate if herbal remedies were on offer to a large extent. The pharmas also used many other herbs not listed. The Greek word Pharmakeia (Greek: φαρμακεία) derives from pharmakon (φάρμακον), meaning "drug", "medicine" (or "poison"). In its investigation of herbal and chemical ingredients, the work of the pharma may be regarded as a precursor of the modern sciences of chemistry and pharmacology, prior to the formulation of the scientific method.

Leer el artículo completo en Wikipedia · CC-BY-SA