Una aleación es una combinación de propiedades metálicas, que está compuesta de dos o más elementos metálicos. Las aleaciones están constituidas por elementos metálicos como Fe (hierro), Al (aluminio), Cu (cobre), Pb (plomo), ejemplos concretos de una amplia gama de metales que se pueden alear. El elemento aleante puede ser no metálico, como: P (fósforo), C (carbono), Si (silicio), S (azufre), As (arsénico). Mayoritariamente las aleaciones son consideradas mezclas, al no producirse enlaces estables entre los átomos de los elementos involucrados. Excepcionalmente, algunas aleaciones generan compuestos químicos.

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An alloy is a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element. Alloys are defined by a metallic bonding character. An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) or a mixture of metallic phases (two or more solutions). Intermetallic compounds are alloys with a defined stoichiometry and crystal structure. Zintl phases are also sometimes considered alloys depending on bond types (see also: Van Arkel-Ketelaar triangle for information on classifying bonding in binary compounds). Alloys are used in a wide variety of applications. In some cases, a combination of metals may reduce the overall cost of the material while preserving important properties. In other cases, the combination of metals imparts synergistic properties to the constituent metal elements such as corrosion resistance or mechanical strength. Examples of alloys are steel, solder, brass, pewter, duralumin, phosphor bronze and amalgams. The alloy constituents are usually measured by mass. Alloys are usually classified as substitutional or interstitial alloys, depending on the atomic arrangement that forms the alloy. They can be further classified as homogeneous (consisting of a single phase), or heterogeneous (consisting of two or more phases) or intermetallic.

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