Un casco cubre mínimamente la coronilla, la frente y las sienes. Se usan en la industria, en el oficio del bombero, en paracaidismo, en las competiciones deportivas de alta velocidad y otras modalidades con riesgo de golpes o colisión. También son habituales en el oficio policíaco, militar, fuerzas de seguridad, construcción, explotación minera, etc. Los cascos para conducir motocicletas son prenda obligatoria en la mayoría de jurisdicciones, los de bicicletas, en cambio, son obligatorios en muy pocos países y muy discutido por los ciclistas.

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A helmet is a form of protective gear worn to protect the head from injuries. Ceremonial or symbolic helmets (e.g. UK policeman's helmet) without protective function are sometimes used. The oldest known use of helmets was by Assyrian soldiers in 900 BC, who wore thick leather or bronze helmets to protect the head from blunt object and sword blows and arrow strikes in combat. Soldiers still wear helmets, now often made from lightweight plastic materials. In civilian life, helmets are used for recreational activities and sports (e.g. jockeys in horse racing, American football, ice hockey, cricket, baseball, camogie, hurling and rock climbing); dangerous work activities (e.g. construction, mining, riot police); and transportation (e.g. Motorcycle helmets and bicycle helmets). Since the 1990s, most helmets are made from resin or plastic, which may be reinforced with fibers such as aramids. The word helmet is diminutive from helm, a medieval word for protective combat headgear. The Medieval great helm covers the whole head and often is accompanied with camail protecting throat and neck as well. Originally a helmet was a helm which covered the head only partly.

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