El chimpancé común (Pan troglodytes) es una especie de primate homínido propia de África tropical. Los chimpancés —junto a los bonobos— son los parientes vivos más cercanos al ser humano; su rama evolutiva se separó de la rama de los humanos hace aproximadamente siete millones de años y comparten el 96% del ADN con ellos, lo que ha llevado a Jared Diamond a utilizar el término "el tercer chimpancé" para referirse a nuestra propia especie. Los machos llegan a pesar unos 80 kg en cautiverio y a medir hasta 1,7 m. Se caracteriza por su inteligencia avanzada a menudo comparada a la de los seres humanos. Por ejemplo, se ha observado que los chimpancés jóvenes se construyen "muñecos" y otros juguetes con palos y bastones. Actualmente está en peligro de extinción debido a la deforestación de su hábitat natural.

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The common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), also known as the robust chimpanzee, is a species of great ape. Colloquially, the common chimpanzee is often called the chimpanzee (or "chimp"), though this term can be used to refer to both species in the genus Pan: the common chimpanzee and the closely related bonobo, formerly called the pygmy chimpanzee. Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing shows both species of chimpanzees are the sister group to the modern human lineage. The common chimpanzee is covered in coarse black hair, but has a bare face, fingers, toes, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet. It is considered more robust than the bonobo, weighing between 40 and 65 kg (88 and 143 lb) and measuring about 63 to 94 cm (25 to 37 in). Its gestation period is eight months. The infant is weaned at about three years old, but usually maintains a close relationship with its mother for several more years; it reaches puberty at the age of eight to 10, and its lifespan in captivity is about 50 years. The common chimpanzee lives in groups which range in size from 15 to 150 members, although individuals travel and forage in much smaller groups during the day. The species lives in a male-dominated, strict hierarchy, which means disputes can generally be settled without the need for violence. Nearly all chimpanzee populations have been recorded using tools, modifying sticks, rocks, grass, and leaves and using them for acquiring honey, termites, ants, nuts, and water. The species has also been found creating sharpened sticks to spear Senegal bushbabies out of small holes in trees. The common chimpanzee is listed on the IUCN Red List as an endangered species. Between 170,000 and 300,000 individuals are estimated across its range in the forests and savannahs of West and Central Africa. The biggest threats to the common chimpanzee are habitat destruction, poaching, and disease.

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