Las garras constan internamente de dos capas; el subunguis, el tejido interno, cuyo grano es paralelo a la dirección de crecimiento a partir de la matriz ungular, y el unguis, un tejido queratinoso y duro formado por fibras cuyo grano corre perpendicular a la dirección de crecimiento. Al crecer el unguis más velozmente, la garra se ahusa hacia el extremo, adoptando la forma puntiaguda típica. Los felinos —con alguna excepción, especialmente los guepardos (Acinonyx jubatus), los gatos turón (Prionailurus planiceps) y los gatos pescadores (Prionailurus viverrinus)— se caracterizan por poseer garras retráctiles. En estado de reposo, las garras permanecen alojadas en una funda de tejido epitelial junto a los dedos; la forma de las falanges medial y distal, y la excepcional resistencia del ligamento elástico dorsal permiten a los felinos moverse con soltura y flexionar libremente la muñeca y los dedos sin que por ello la garra abandone su posición de reposo. Es necesaria la contracción del flexor y el extensor del antebrazo para producir la extensión de la garra, utilizada sobre todo para efectuar la presa sobre las víctimas.

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A claw is a curved, pointed appendage, found at the end of a toe or finger in most amniotes (mammals, reptiles, birds). However, the word "claw" is also often used in reference to an invertebrate. Somewhat similar fine hooked structures are found in arthropods such as beetles and spiders, at the end of the leg or tarsus for gripping a surface as the creature walks. Crabs', lobsters' and scorpions' pincers, or more formally, their "chelae", are sometimes called claws. A true claw, (as opposed to a chela) is made of hard protein called keratin. Claws are used to catch and hold prey in carnivorous mammals such as cats and dogs, but may also be used for such purposes as digging, climbing trees, self-defense, and grooming, in those and other species. Similar appendages that are flat and do not come to a sharp point are called nails instead. Claw-like projections that do not form at the end of digits, but spring from other parts of the foot are properly named spurs. Claws of animals like tigers, lions, and bears have been used in making items such as ornaments, pendants, and brooches.

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