Una gema, también llamada piedra preciosa, es una roca o mineral que al ser cortado y pulido se puede usar en la confección de joyas u objetos artísticos. Otras son creadas por el hombre con resina y pigmentos, o bien son de origen vegetal, como el ámbar, o animal, como la perla (producida por una ostra) y el coral (formado por pequeños pólipos acuáticos).

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A gemstone (also called a gem, fine gem, jewel, precious stone or semi-precious stone) is a piece of mineral crystal which, in cut and polished form, is used to make jewelry or other adornments. However, certain rocks (such as lapis lazuli) or organic materials that are not minerals (such as amber or jet) are also used for jewelry and are therefore often considered to be gemstones as well. Most gemstones are hard, but some soft minerals are used in jewelry because of their luster or other physical properties that have aesthetic value. Rarity is another characteristic that lends value to a gemstone. Apart from jewelry, from earliest antiquity engraved gems and hardstone carvings, such as cups, were major luxury art forms. A gem maker is called a lapidary or gemcutter; a diamond worker is a diamantaire. The carvings of Carl Fabergé are significant works in this tradition.

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