La robótica es la rama de la ingeniería mecatrónica, ingeniería eléctrica, ingeniería electrónica y ciencias de la computación que se ocupa del diseño, construcción, operación, disposición estructural, manufactura y aplicación de los robots. La robótica combina diversas disciplinas como son: la mecánica, la electrónica, la informática, la inteligencia artificial, la ingeniería de control y la física. Otras áreas importantes en robótica son el álgebra, los autómatas programables, la animatrónica y las máquinas de estados. El término robot se popularizó con el éxito de la obra R.U.R. (Robots Universales Rossum), escrita por Karel Čapek en 1920. En la traducción al inglés de dicha obra, la palabra checa robota, que significa trabajos forzados o trabjador, fue traducida al inglés como robot.

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Robotics is the branch of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and computer science that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing. These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans in dangerous environments or manufacturing processes, or resemble humans in appearance, behavior, and or cognition. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature, contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics. The concept of creating machines that can operate autonomously dates back to classical times, but research into the functionality and potential uses of robots did not grow substantially until the 20th century. Throughout history, it has been frequently assumed that robots will one day be able to mimic human behavior and manage tasks in a human-like fashion. Today, robotics is a rapidly growing field, as technological advances continue; researching, designing, and building new robots serve various practical purposes, whether domestically, commercially, or militarily. Many robots are built to do jobs that are hazardous to people such as defusing bombs, finding survivors in unstable ruins, and exploring mines and shipwrecks. Robotics is also used in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) as a teaching aid.

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