La biotita es el nombre de un grupo de minerales, clásicamente considerado como mineral, pero que a partir de 1998 la IMA ya no reconoce como mineral el término biotita, desaconseja su uso como tal y lo considera nombre de "grupo" para la flogopita, la siderophyllita, la annita y la eastonita. La biotita fue nombrada por J.F.L. Hausmann en 1847 en honor del físico francés Jean-Baptiste Biot, quien, en 1816, investigó las propiedades ópticas de la mica, descubriendo muchas de sus propiedades.

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Biotite is a common phyllosilicate mineral within the mica group, with the approximate chemical formula K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2. More generally, it refers to the dark mica series, primarily a solid-solution series between the iron-endmember annite, and the magnesium-endmember phlogopite; more aluminous end-members include siderophyllite. Biotite was named by J.F.L. Hausmann in 1847 in honor of the French physicist Jean-Baptiste Biot, who, in 1816, researched the optical properties of mica, discovering many properties. Biotite is a sheet silicate. Iron, magnesium, aluminium, silicon, oxygen, and hydrogen form sheets that are weakly bound together by potassium ions. It is sometimes called "iron mica" because it is more iron-rich than phlogopite. It is also sometimes called "black mica" as opposed to "white mica" (muscovite) – both form in some rocks, and in some instances side-by-side.

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