Ruan Xian (Chinese: 阮咸; pinyin: Ruǎn Xián; Wade–Giles: Juan Hsien, zfl. 3rd century), courtesy name Zhongrong (pinyin: Zhòng Róng; Wade–Giles: Chung-jung), was a Chinese scholar who lived during the Six Dynasties period, is one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove. He was a skilled player of the Chinese lute, an old version of pipa which has been called ruan after his name since the Tang Dynasty. His achievement in music reached such high as to be described as "divine understanding" in the Book of Jin. Ruan Xian had a Xianbei slave who gave birth to his son, Ruan Fu.

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