Railroad police or railway police (called Bahnpolizei in Germany, Austria and the German-speaking parts of Switzerland) are persons responsible for the protection of railroad (or railway) properties, facilities and personnel as well as public rail transit systems. Their exact roles differs from country to country. In some countries railroad police are not different from that of any other police agency, while in others they are more related to a type of security police. Some are given extensive additional authority where in other jurisdictions are more restricted. In the United States and Canada, railroad police are employed by the major Class I railroads, as well as some smaller ones. In other countries, this work is typically done by territorial police forces rather than specialized agencies. In Great Britain, railways fall under the jurisdiction of the British Transport Police, a regional transit police force based on Great Britain that is responsible for policing all railways and some public transit systems on Great Britain but not Northern Ireland.

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