El gravitón es una partícula elemental hipotética de tipo bosónico que sería la transmisora de la interacción gravitatoria en la mayoría de los modelos de gravedad cuántica. De acuerdo con las propiedades del campo gravitatorio, el gravitón debe ser un bosón de espín par (2 en este caso), ya que está asociado a un campo clásico tensorial de segundo orden. En cuanto a la masa del gravitón las mediciones experimentales dan una cota superior del orden de mg = 1,6 × 10−69 kg, aunque podría ser exactamente cero.

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In theoretical physics, the graviton is a hypothetical elementary particle that mediates the force of gravitation in the framework of quantum field theory. If it exists, the graviton is expected to be massless (because the gravitational force appears to have unlimited range) and must be a spin-2 boson. The spin follows from the fact that the source of gravitation is the stress–energy tensor, a second-order tensor (compared to electromagnetism's spin-1 photon, the source of which is the four-current, a first-order tensor). Additionally, it can be shown that any massless spin-2 field would give rise to a force indistinguishable from gravitation, because a massless spin-2 field would couple to the stress–energy tensor in the same way that gravitational interactions do. As the graviton is hypothetical, its discovery would unite quantum theory with gravity. This result suggests that, if a massless spin-2 particle is discovered, it must be the graviton. There is no complete theory of gravitons due to an outstanding mathematical problem with renormalization. This problem has been a major motivation for models beyond quantum field theory, such as string theory.

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