Japón posee una rica cultura musical que comprende una variada paleta de estilos tradicionales como también una diversa oferta de estilos exportados que incluyen rock, electro, punk, folk, metal, reggae, salsa, y tango como también música country y hip hop. La música tradicional japonesa se conoce con el nombre de Hougaku (邦楽), mientras que la palabra Ongaku (音楽) designa a la música en general. La denominación moderna J-Music se refiere a ciertas ramas de la música japonesa con toques occidentales.

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The music of Japan includes a wide array of performers in distinct styles both traditional and modern. The word for music in Japanese is 音楽 (ongaku), combining the kanji 音 "on" (sound) with the kanji 楽 "gaku" (enjoy). Japan is the largest physical music market in the world, with US$2 billion in 2014 and the second largest overall music market, with a total retail value of 2.6 billion dollars in 2014 – dominated by Japanese artists, with 37 of the top 50 best selling albums and 49 of the top 50 best selling singles in 2014. Local music often appears at karaoke venues, which is on lease from the record labels. Traditional Japanese music is quite different from Western music as it is often based on the intervals of human breathing rather than mathematical timing.

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