El arresto domiciliario o casa por cárcel es una pena que figura, como accesoria de otras o como principal, en la mayoría de los códigos penales de los distintos países. Se define como «la privación de la libertad de movimientos y comunicación de un condenado o acusado que se cumple fuera de los establecimientos penitenciarios, bien en el propio domicilio, bien en otro fijado por el Tribunal sentenciador a propuesta del afectado».

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In justice and law, house arrest (also called home confinement, home detention, or electronic monitoring) is a measure by which a person is confined by the authorities to a certain residence. Travel is usually restricted, if allowed at all. House arrest is an alternative to prison time or juvenile-detention time. While house arrest can be applied to criminal cases when prison does not seem an appropriate measure, the term is often applied to the use of house confinement as a measure of repression by authoritarian governments against political dissidents. In that case, typically, the person under house arrest does not have access to any means of communication. If electronic communication is allowed, conversations will most likely be monitored. With some electronic monitoring units, the conversations of prisoners can be directly monitored via the unit itself.

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