Una topera es un aparato de vía ferroviario. Se trata de un dispositivo fijo generalmente colocado en vías terminales, que tienen la misión de detener la circulación del tren, si por alguna incidencia no se hubiera detenido antes.

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A buffer stop or bumper (US) is a device to prevent railway vehicles from going past the end of a physical section of track. The design of the buffer stop is dependent, in part, on the kind of couplings that the railway uses, since the coupling gear is the first part of the vehicle that the buffer stop touches. The term "buffer stop" is of British origin, since railways in Great Britain principally use buffer-and-screw couplings between vehicles.

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