Los supercúmulos son grandes agrupaciones de pequeños grupos y cúmulos de galaxias, y se encuentran entre las estructuras más grandes del universo. La existencia de supercúmulos indica que las galaxias en nuestro universo no están uniformemente distribuidas; la mayoría de ellas se agrupa en grupos y cúmulos, cada grupo conteniendo hasta 50 galaxias y cada cúmulo varios miles de galaxias. Dichos grupos y cúmulos, al igual que otras galaxias aisladas, a su vez forman estructuras más grandes llamadas supercúmulos. Los supercúmulos varían en tamaño, hasta unos 108 años luz. No se conoce que existan cúmulos de supercúmulos, pero se debate sobre la existencia de estructuras mayores. Entremezclados entre los supercúmulos hay grandes espacios vacíos en los cuales existen pocas galaxias. A pesar de que los supercúmulos son las mayores estructuras confirmadas, el número total de supercúmulos deja aún posibilidades sobre la distribución estructural; el total de supercúmulos en el universo se estima que ronde los 10 millones. Frecuentemente, los supercúmulos son subdivididos en grupos de cúmulos llamados nubes de galaxias.

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Superclusters are large groups of smaller galaxy clusters or galaxy groups and are among the largest-known structures of the cosmos. The Milky Way is in the Local Group galaxy cluster (that contains more than 54 galaxies), which in turn is in the Laniakea Supercluster. This supercluster spans over 500 million light-years, while the Local Group spans over 10 million light-years. The number of superclusters in the observable universe is estimated to be 10 million. Galaxies are grouped into clusters instead of being dispersed randomly. Clusters of galaxies are grouped together to form superclusters. Typically, superclusters contain dozens of individual clusters throughout an area of space about 150 million light-years across. Unlike clusters, superclusters are not bound together by gravity. They are all shifting away from each other due to the Hubble flow. The Milky Way galaxy falls within the Local Group, which is a poor and irregular cluster of galaxies. Poor clusters may contain only a few dozen galaxies, as compared to rich clusters with hundreds or even thousands. The Local Group is near the Local Supercluster (also known as the Virgo Supercluster), which has a diameter of 100 million light-years. The Local Supercluster contains a total of about 1015 times the mass of the Sun. The biggest cluster in the observable universe is called the Great Attractor. Its gravity is so strong that the Local Supercluster, including the Milky Way, is moving in a direction towards it at a rate of several hundred kilometers per second. The biggest supercluster outside of the local universe is the Perseus-Pegasus Filament. It contains the Perseus supercluster and it spans about a billion light-years, making it one of the largest known structures in the universe.

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