Shigella es un género de bacterias con forma de plato hondo Gram negativas, inmóviles, no formadoras de esporas e incapaces de fermentar la lactosa, que pueden ocasionar diarrea en los seres vivos. Son uniforme fecales anaerobias facultativas con fermentación ácido-mixta. descubierto en 1897 por el científico japonés Kiyoshi Shiga, de quien tomó su nombre.

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Shigella (/ʃɪˈɡɛlə/) is a genus of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, nonspore-forming, nonmotile, rod-shaped bacteria closely related to Salmonella. The genus is named after Kiyoshi Shiga, who first discovered it in 1897. The causative agent of human shigellosis, Shigella causes disease in primates, but not in other mammals. It is only naturally found in humans and gorillas. During infection, it typically causes dysentery. Shigella is one of the leading bacterial causes of diarrhea worldwide, causing an estimated 80-165 million cases. The number of deaths it causes each year is estimated at between 74,000 and 600,000 deaths. It is in the top four pathogens that cause moderate-to-severe diarrhea in African and South Asian children.

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