En el derecho, el dominio o propiedad, es el poder directo e inmediato sobre un objeto o bien, por la que se atribuye a su titular la capacidad de disponer del mismo, sin más limitaciones que las que imponga la ley. Es el derecho real que implica el ejercicio de las facultades jurídicas más amplias que el ordenamiento jurídico concede sobre un bien. El objeto del derecho de propiedad está constituido por todos los bienes susceptibles de apropiación. Para que se cumpla tal condición, en general, se requieren tres condiciones: que el bien sea útil, ya que si no lo fuera, carecería de fin la apropiación; que el bien exista en cantidad limitada, y que sea susceptible de ocupación, porque de otro modo no podrá actuarse. Para el jurista Guillermo Cabanellas la propiedad no es más "que el dominio que un individuo tiene sobre una cosa determinada, con la que puede hacer lo que desee su voluntad". Según la definición dada el jurista venezolano-chileno Andrés Bello en el artículo 582 del Código Civil de Chile, el dominio consiste en: el derecho real en una cosa corporal para gozar y disponer de ella arbitrariamente; no siendo contra la ley o contra el derecho ajeno. La propiedad separada del goce de la cosa se llama mera o nuda propiedad. Habitualmente se considera que el derecho de propiedad pleno comprende tres facultades principales: uso (ius utendi), goce (ius fruendi) y disfrute (ius abutendi), distinción que proviene del derecho romano o de su recepción medieval. Tiene también origen romano la concepción de la propiedad en sentido subjetivo, como sinónimo de facultad o atribución correspondiente a un sujeto. Por el contrario, en sentido objetivo y sociológico, se atribuye al término el carácter de institución social y jurídica y, según señala Ginsberg, puede ser definida la propiedad como el conjunto de derechos y obligaciones que definen las relaciones entre individuos y grupos, con respecto a qué facultades de disposición y uso sobre bienes materiales les corresponden.

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In the abstract, property is that which belongs to or with something, whether as an attribute or as a component of said thing. In the context of this article, property is one or more components (rather than attributes), whether physical or incorporeal, of a person's estate; or so belonging to, as in being owned by, a person or jointly a group of people or a legal entity like a corporation or even a society. (Given such meaning, the word property is uncountable, and as such, is not described with an indefinite article or as plural.) Depending on the nature of the property, an owner of property has the right to consume, alter, share, redefine, rent, mortgage, pawn, sell, exchange, transfer, give away or destroy it, or to exclude others from doing these things, as well as to perhaps abandon it; whereas regardless of the nature of the property, the owner thereof has the right to properly use it (as a durable, mean or factor, or whatever), or at the very least exclusively keep it. In economics and political economy, there are three broad forms of property: private property, public property, and collective property (also called cooperative property). Property that jointly belongs to more than one party may be possessed or controlled thereby in very similar or very distinct ways, whether simply or complexly, whether equally or unequally. However, there is an expectation that each party's will (rather discretion) with regard to the property be clearly defined and unconditional, so as to distinguish ownership and easement from rent. The parties might expect their wills to be unanimous, or alternately every given one of them, when no opportunity for or possibility of dispute with any other of them exists, may expect his, her, its or their own will to be sufficient and absolute. The Restatement (First) of Property defines property as anything, tangible or intangible whereby a legal relationship between persons and the state enforces a possessory interest or legal title in that thing. This mediating relationship between individual, property and state is called a property regime. In sociology and anthropology, property is often defined as a relationship between two or more individuals and an object, in which at least one of these individuals holds a bundle of rights over the object. The distinction between "collective property" and "private property" is regarded as a confusion since different individuals often hold differing rights over a single object. Important widely recognized types of property include real property (the combination of land and any improvements to or on the land), personal property (physical possessions belonging to a person), private property (property owned by legal persons, business entities or individual natural persons), public property (state owned or publicly owned and available possessions) and intellectual property (exclusive rights over artistic creations, inventions, etc.), although the last is not always as widely recognized or enforced. An article of property may have physical and incorporeal parts. A title, or a right of ownership, establishes the relation between the property and other persons, assuring the owner the right to dispose of the property as the owner sees fit.

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