La Terapia de la Conducta es una forma de tratamiento psicológico derivado de la investigación de laboratorio desde el enfoque de conducta. La fundamentación empírica y teórica, sólidamente científica, se considera una característica esencial en sus desarrollos.

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Behavior therapy is a broad term referring to psychotherapy, behavior analytical, or a combination of the two therapies. In its broadest sense, the methods focus on either just behaviors or in combination with thoughts and feelings that might be causing them. Those who practice behavior therapy tend to look more at specific, learned behaviors and how the environment influences those behaviors. Those who practice behavior therapy are called behaviorists. They tend to look for treatment outcomes that are objectively measurable. Behavior therapy does not involve one specific method but it has a wide range of techniques that can be used to treat a person's psychological problems. Behavior therapy breaks down into two disciplines: applied behavior analysis (ABA) and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). ABA focuses on the application of learning theory to assess potential behavior-change procedures and CBT focuses on the thoughts and feelings behind mental health conditions with treatment plans in psychotherapy to lessen the issue.

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