El vaginismo es la dificultad de realizar el coito, debido a la contracción involuntaria de los músculos del tercio inferior de la vagina. Se trata de una afección poco común y las mujeres que padecen vaginismo pueden gozar de los juegos sexuales, y alcanzar el orgasmo ya que esta disfunción no está relacionada con la respuesta sexual. La mayoría de las causas del vaginismo son psíquicas. La falta de información sexual o falta de comunicación, que conducen al miedo o temor; experiencias traumáticas, miedo al embarazo, temor a contraer enfermedades de transmisión sexual, experiencias dolorosas en la visita al ginecólogo, abusos sexuales, etc.

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Vaginismus, sometimes called vaginism and genito-pelvic pain disorder, is a condition that affects a woman's ability to engage in vaginal penetration, including sexual intercourse, manual penetration, insertion of tampons or menstrual cups, and the penetration involved in gynecological examinations (pap tests). This is the result of an involuntary vaginal muscle spasm, which makes any kind of vaginal penetration painful or impossible. While there is a lack of evidence to definitively identify which muscle is responsible for the spasm, the pubococcygeus muscle, sometimes referred to as the "PC muscle", is most often suggested. Other muscles such as the levator ani, bulbocavernosus, circumvaginal, and perivaginal muscles have also been suggested. A woman with vaginismus does not consciously control the spasm. The vaginismic reflex can be compared to the response of the eye shutting when an object comes towards it. The severity of vaginismus, as well as the pain during penetration (including sexual penetration), varies from woman to woman.

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