En medicina, una mola es una degeneración placentaria que causa una gestación anómala. La mola hidatiforme o embarazo molar es un término que se utiliza para referirse concretamente a un trastorno del embarazo caracterizado por la presencia de un crecimiento anormal que contiene un embrión no viable implantado y proliferante en el útero. En algunos casos el útero contiene un embrión normal adicional a una mola hidatiforme. La conducta es terminar el embarazo molar tan pronto se haya hecho el diagnóstico por razón al alto riesgo que le acompaña una aparición de una forma de cáncer llamado coriocarcinoma. El término hidatiforme viene del griego que asemeja un racimo de uvas, refiriéndose a la forma del crecimiento intrauterino; y mola es del latín piedra de molino.

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Molar pregnancy is an abnormal form of pregnancy in which a non-viable fertilized egg implants in the uterus and will fail to come to term.A molar pregnancy is a gestational trophoblastic disease which grows into a mass in the uterus that has swollen chorionic villi. These villi grow in clusters that resemble grapes. A molar pregnancy can develop when a fertilized egg does not contain an original maternal nucleus. The products of conception may or may not contain fetal tissue. It is characterized by the presence of a hydatidiform mole (or hydatid mole, mola hydatidosa). Molar pregnancies are categorized as partial moles or complete moles, with the word mole, being used to denote simply a clump of growing tissue, or a growth. A complete mole is caused by a single (incidence is about 90%) or two (incidence is about 10%) sperm combining with an egg which has lost its DNA (the sperm then reduplicates forming a "complete" 46 chromosome set) The genotype is typically 46,XX (diploid) due to subsequent mitosis of the fertilizing sperm, but can also be 46,XY (diploid). 46,YY (diploid) is not observed. In contrast, a partial mole occurs when a haploid egg is fertilized by two sperm or by one sperm which reduplicates itself yielding the genotypes of 69,XXY (triploid) or 92,XXXY (tetraploid). Complete hydatidiform moles have 2.5% risk of developing into choriocarcinoma.

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