Los caracteres chinos tradicionales (chino tradicional: 繁體中文, chino simplificado: 繁体中文, pinyin: fán tǐ zhōng wén o hant según ISO 15924) son el conjunto de caracteres de escritura del idioma chino anterior al proceso de simplificación de los caracteres chinos llevado a cabo por el gobierno de la República Popular China en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. A partir del proceso de simplificación, existen dos sistemas de escritura estándar para el chino. Mientras que en la China continental se utiliza el chino simplificado, el chino tradicional continúa utilizándose en Taiwán, Hong Kong, Macao y también en los Estados Unidos y en ciertos países de América, Europa y el Asia-Pacífico donde hay comunidades de extranjeros descendientes de chinos. Los caracteres tradicionales se llaman fántǐzì (繁體字 / 繁体字), que literalmente significa "caracteres de forma compleja". Especialmente en Taiwán, algunas personas consideran que los caracteres tradicionales no son "complejos", sino que son los caracteres correctos u ortodoxos, por lo que prefieren el término zhèngtǐzì (正體字, 正体字), que significa "caracteres de forma correcta". El término habitual en Occidente "caracteres tradicionales" es mucho más neutro, al no tener las connotaciones negativas ni positivas de los dos términos chinos.

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Traditional Chinese characters (traditional Chinese: 正體字/繁體字; simplified Chinese: 正体字/繁体字; Pinyin: Zhèngtǐzì/Fántĭzì) are Chinese characters in any character set that does not contain newly created characters or character substitutions performed after 1946. They are most commonly the characters in the standardized character sets of Taiwan, of Hong Kong and Macau or in the Kangxi Dictionary. The modern shapes of traditional Chinese characters first appeared with the emergence of the clerical script during the Han Dynasty, and have been more or less stable since the 5th century (during the Southern and Northern Dynasties.) The retronym "traditional Chinese" is used to contrast traditional characters with Simplified Chinese characters, a standardized character set introduced by the government of the People's Republic of China on Mainland China in the 1950s. Traditional Chinese characters are currently used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau; as well as in Overseas Chinese communities outside of Southeast Asia, although the number of printed materials in simplified characters is growing in Australia, USA and Canada, targeting or created by new arrivals from mainland China. Currently, a large number of overseas Chinese online newspapers allow users to switch between both sets. In contrast, simplified Chinese characters are used in mainland China, Singapore and Malaysia in official publications. The debate on traditional and simplified Chinese characters has been a long-running issue among Chinese communities.

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