El relé (en francés, relais, “relevo”) o relevador es un dispositivo electromagnético. Funciona como un interruptor controlado por un circuito eléctrico en el que, por medio de una bobina y un electroimán, se acciona un juego de uno o varios contactos que permiten abrir o cerrar otros circuitos eléctricos independientes. Fue inventado por Joseph Henry en 1835. Dado que el relé es capaz de controlar un circuito de salida de mayor potencia que el de entrada, puede considerarse, en un amplio sentido, como un amplificador eléctrico. Como tal se emplearon en telegrafía, haciendo la función de repetidores que generaban una nueva señal con corriente procedente de pilas locales a partir de la señal débil recibida por la línea. Se les llamaba "relevadores".

Leer el artículo completo en Wikipedia · CC-BY-SA

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relays. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a separate low-power signal, or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits as amplifiers: they repeated the signal coming in from one circuit and re-transmitted it on another circuit. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations. A type of relay that can handle the high power required to directly control an electric motor or other loads is called a contactor. Solid-state relays control power circuits with no moving parts, instead using a semiconductor device to perform switching. Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical circuits from overload or faults; in modern electric power systems these functions are performed by digital instruments still called "protective relays". Magnetic latching relays require one pulse of coil power to move their contacts in one direction, and another, redirected pulse to move them back. Repeated pulses from the same input have no effect. Magnetic latching relays are useful in applications where interrupted power should not be able to transition the contacts. Magnetic latching relays can have either single or dual coils. On a single coil device, the relay will operate in one direction when power is applied with one polarity, and will reset when the polarity is reversed. On a dual coil device, when polarized voltage is applied to the reset coil the contacts will transition. AC controlled magnetic latch relays have single coils that employ steering diodes to differentiate between operate and reset commands.

Leer el artículo completo en Wikipedia · CC-BY-SA