La diátesis gramatical es una categoría gramatical que describe el número de argumentos verbales obligatorios para un cierto tipo de predicación verbal. El término proviene del término griego diathesis usado por los gramáticos griegos para referirse a la voz gramatical en griego antiguo. Sin embargo, modernamente el término diátesis gramatical es un poco más general que el de voz gramatical.

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In linguistics, verb valency or valence is the number of arguments controlled by a verbal predicate. It is related, though not identical, to verb transitivity, which counts only object arguments of the verbal predicate. Verb valency, on the other hand, includes all arguments, including the subject of the verb. The linguistic meaning of valence derives from the definition of valency in chemistry. This scientific metaphor is due to Lucien Tesnière, who developed verb valency into a major component of his (what would later become known as) dependency grammar theory of syntax and grammar. The notion of valency first appeared as a comprehensive concept in Tesnière's posthumously published book (1959) Éléments de syntaxe structurale (Elements of structural syntax).

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