El sulfato de magnesio o sulfato magnésico, de nombre común sal de Epsom (o sal inglesa), es un compuesto químico que contiene magnesio, y cuya fórmula es Mg SO4·7H2O. El sulfato de magnesio sin hidratar MgSO4 es muy poco frecuente y se emplea en la industria como agente secante. Por esta razón, cuando se dice «sulfato de magnesio» se entiende implícitamente la sal hidratada. El mismo criterio se aplica a la sal de Epsom. Para las preparaciones medicinales en las que se utilizará como solución acuosa se emplea el hidrato, porque los cristales hidratados de esta sal, que no son delicuescentes, pueden pesarse con escaso error y ser sometidos sin mayores inconvenientes a los procesos de control de calidad en la manufactura.

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Magnesium sulfate is an inorganic salt (chemical compound) containing magnesium, sulfur and oxygen, with the formula MgSO4. It is often encountered as the heptahydrate sulfate mineral epsomite (MgSO4·7H2O), commonly called Epsom salt, taking its name from a bitter saline spring in Epsom in Surrey, England, where the salt was produced from the springs that arise where the porous chalk of the North Downs meets non-porous London clay. The monohydrate, MgSO4·H2O is found as the mineral kieserite. The overall global annual usage in the mid-1970s of the monohydrate was 2.3 million tons, of which the majority was used in agriculture. Anhydrous magnesium sulfate is used as a drying agent. The anhydrous form is hygroscopic (readily absorbs water from the air) and is therefore difficult to weigh accurately; the hydrate is often preferred when preparing solutions (for example, in medical preparations). Epsom salt has been traditionally used as a component of bath salts. Epsom salt can also be used as a beauty product. Athletes use it to soothe sore muscles, while gardeners use it to improve crops. It has a variety of other uses: for example, Epsom salt is also effective in the removal of splinters. It is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.

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