La excomunión es la expulsión, permanente o temporal, de una persona o de una confesión religiosa. Durante el período de la excomunión, el afectado sigue formando parte de la comunidad, pero debe cumplir sentencia de ahí el nombre de la misma, del latín ex communicatio[ne]. En los casos más severos, pierde la facultad de concurrir al culto normalmente, y de tomar parte en las ceremonias religiosas. Las diversas iglesias cristianas cuentan con normas para la excomunión o el trato con los excomulgados.

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Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community or to restrict certain rights within it, in particular receiving of the sacraments. Some Protestants practice an alternate form of excusing congregants from the church. Jehovah's Witnesses, as well as the churches of Christ, use the term disfellowship instead. The word excommunication means putting a specific individual or group out of communion. In some religions, excommunication includes spiritual condemnation of the member or group. Excommunication may involve banishment, shunning, and shaming, depending on the religion, the offense that caused excommunication, or the rules or norms of the religious community. The grave act is often revoked in response to sincere penance, which may be manifested through public recantation, sometimes through the Sacrament of Confession, piety, and/or through mortification of the flesh.

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