El dolor es una experiencia sensorial y emocional (subjetiva), desagradable, que pueden experimentar todos aquellos seres vivos que disponen de un sistema nervioso central. Es una experiencia asociada a una lesión tisular o expresada como si ésta existiera. Actualmente se entiende como dolor como el producto de un conjunto de mecanismos neurofisiológicos que modulan la información del daño físico a diferentes niveles y en diferentes partes. La ciencia que estudia el dolor se llama algología. Hasta los griegos presocráticos del siglo VI a. C., las enfermedades y sus tratamientos no se concebían en términos naturales y racionales. Varios siglos de medicina científica se reúnen en los casi 70 libros del Corpus Hipocraticum. A lo largo de los siglos los médicos se han enfrentado al dolor con grandes dosis de literatura y superstición, pero a partir del siglo XIX se obtiene información científica mediante el estudio de la fisiopatología. En el siglo XX se crean especialidades como Anestesiología y Reanimación.

Leer el artículo completo en Wikipedia · CC-BY-SA

Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli, such as stubbing a toe, burning a finger, putting alcohol on a cut, and bumping the "funny bone". Because it is a complex, subjective phenomenon, defining pain has been a challenge. The International Association for the Study of Pain's widely used definition states: "Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage." In medical diagnosis, pain is a symptom. Pain motivates the individual to withdraw from damaging situations, to protect a damaged body part while it heals, and to avoid similar experiences in the future. Most pain resolves once the noxious stimulus is removed and the body has healed, but it may persist despite removal of the stimulus and apparent healing of the body. Sometimes pain arises in the absence of any detectable stimulus, damage or disease. Simple pain medications are useful in 20% to 70% of cases. Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries. It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning. Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significantly affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness. In some arguments put forth in physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia debates, pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives.

Leer el artículo completo en Wikipedia · CC-BY-SA