En economía, la función de producción representa la máxima cantidad que se puede producir de un bien con unos recursos; por lo tanto es una aplicación que a un vector de recursos le hace corresponder un escalar que representa la cantidad producida. La función de producción de un productor relaciona la cantidad usada de factores de producción con la producción obtenida gracias a ella. El productor puede ser una economía, un sector productivo o una determinada industria.

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In economics, a production function relates physical output of a production process to physical inputs or factors of production. The production function is one of the key concepts of mainstream neoclassical theories, used to define marginal product and to distinguish allocative efficiency, the defining focus of economics.The primary purpose of the production function is to address allocative efficiency in the use of factor inputs in production and the resulting distribution of income to those factors, while abstracting away from the technological problems of achieving technical efficiency, as an engineer or professional manager might understand it. Production function denotes an efficient combination of inputs and outputs. In macroeconomics, aggregate production functions are estimated to create a framework in which to distinguish how much of economic growth to attribute to changes in factor allocation (e.g. the accumulation of capital) and how much to attribute to advancing technology. Some non-mainstream economists, however, reject the very concept of an aggregate production function.

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