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Kiseru (煙管 'kiseru'?) es el término japonés para la pipa japonesa antigua. Las kiseru eran utilizadas para fumar una gran variedad de sustancias, incluyendo tabaco, cannabis y opio. Están hechos tradicionalmente con piezas de metal en ambos extremos (la boquilla y el contenedor de hierba) unidos por un cilindro de madera de bambú. Una de las características del kiseru es que la pipa contenedora de hierba o tabaco es mucho más pequeña que las pipas occidentales. Muchas pipas son adornadas con motivos artísticos y exquisitos detalles realizados por artesanos. Las distintas variantes representan mayoritariamente el símbolo de estatus del dueño cuando son confeccionadas con metales preciosos. La palabra "kiseru" proviene de la palabra camboyana "ksher". Al ser básicamente un elemento de madera con extremos metálicos, los kiseru más largos han sido utilizados como armas, especialmente por samuráis del período Edo (kabukimono) en Japón. El tabaco ingresa a Japón en el año 1570 y los kiserus se transformaron en objetos muy populares, tanto como para ser mencionados incluso en algunos escritos budistas y textos escolares para los niños. El kiseru evolucionó junto al uso del equipo utilizado para la quema de incienso, asociado con la ceremonia del té. El kō-bon, o porta sahumerio, se convirtió en tabako-bon, un lugar para depositar el tabaco y el contenedor para la quema de incienso, en un cuenco para contenedor de brasa ardiente, y así el tazón para depositar el incienso se utilizó como cenicero.

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English Wikipedia

Kiseru (煙管 kiseru) is a Japanese smoking pipe traditionally used for smoking kizami, a finely shredded tobacco product resembling hair. Typically the mouth piece and bowl are made from metal, with a tubular shaft of wood or bamboo stretching in between. The bowl is much smaller than that of western-style pipes. Because each kiseru is basically a rod with metal ends, extremely long kiseru could be carried as weapons, especially by the gangster-like kabukimono samurai of Edo period Japan. Many kiseru have been engraved with elaborate details by skilled artisans and were a status symbol for the owner. Tobacco was known in Japan since the 1570s at the earliest. By the early 17th century, kiseru had become popular enough to even be mentioned in some Buddhist textbooks for children. The kiseru evolved along with the equipment and use of incense associated with the Kōdō: \n* The kō-bon, an incense tray, became the tabako-bon, a tobacco tray \n* the incense burner evolved into a charcoal fire pot for lighting tobacco with hot air \n* The incense pot became a jar to contain the ash. During a smoking session, the smoker would put a ball of stringy kizami tobacco in the bowl, light it at the charcoal fire, then dump the ash into the ash container. During the Edo period weapons were frequently used as objects to flaunt one's financial status. Since commoners were prohibited to carry sharper weapons, an elaborate kiseru carried slung from the waist often served the purpose. After the Meiji restoration and the abolishment of the caste system, many craftsmen who previously had worked on decorating swords moved on to designing kiseru and netsuke for tobacco pouches. The word "kiseru" today is more commonly referred to the practice of defrauding the railway system by buying two cheap tickets to get past the entrance and exit gates while not paying for the distance between them. This is likened to a kiseru as there is only metal at the ends, and nothing in the middle, a metaphor indicating that money (metal) only covers the beginning and end.

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Códice gramatical

Qué significan las etiquetas de color

Hiragana

ひらがな

El kana redondeado y fluido. El hiragana escribe palabras japonesas nativas, terminaciones gramaticales y todo lo que va sin kanji (o junto a él): es el primer silabario que se aprende. Cada carácter representa una sílaba.

Ejemplo

ねこ — gato