Un lago de cráter es una formación geológica, básicamente un lago formado en la caldera de un volcán, o un maar. Esto es posible cuando éste ha estado inactivo por cierto tiempo y la cantidad de agua que recibe de la lluvia supera a la evaporación y la filtración. También pueden formarse en un cráter de impacto.

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A crater lake is a lake that forms in a volcanic crater or caldera, such as a maar; less commonly and with lower association to the term a lake may form in an impact crater caused by a meteorite, or in an explosion caused by humans. Sometimes lakes which form inside calderas are called caldera lakes, but often this distinction is not made. Crater lakes covering active (fumarolic) volcanic vents are sometimes known as volcanic lakes, and the water within them is often acidic, saturated with volcanic gases, and cloudy with a strong greenish color. For example, the crater lake of Kawah Ijen in Indonesia has a pH of under 0.5. Lakes located in dormant or extinct volcanoes tend to have fresh water, and the water clarity in such lakes can be exceptional due to the lack of inflowing streams and sediment.

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