La anemia hemolítica es un grupo de trastornos hemolíticos (sea intravascular como extravascular), que causan la disminución de la masa de glóbulos rojos sanguíneos. A diferencia de anemias no hemolíticas (por déficit de hierro por ejemplo), en las anemias hemolíticas la vida de los glóbulos rojos en sangre periférica (normal entre 90 y 120 días) está acortada.

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Hemolytic anemia or haemolytic anaemia is a form of anemia due to hemolysis, the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs), either in the blood vessels (intravascular hemolysis) or elsewhere in the human body (extravascular). It has numerous possible consequences, ranging from relatively harmless to life-threatening. The general classification of hemolytic anemia is either inherited or acquired. Treatment depends on the cause and nature of the breakdown. Symptoms of hemolytic anemia are similar to other forms of anemia (fatigue and shortness of breath), but in addition, the breakdown of red cells leads to jaundice and increases the risk of particular long-term complications, such as gallstones and pulmonary hypertension.

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