En la filosofía shramánica, nirvana es el estado de liberación tanto del sufrimiento (dukkha) como del ciclo de renacimientos. Es un concepto importante en el hinduismo, jainismo y budismo y suele alcanzarse mediante diferentes prácticas y técnicas espirituales.

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Nirvāṇa (/nɪərˈvɑːnə, -ˈvænə, nər-/; Sanskrit: निर्वाण nirvāṇa  [nirʋaːɳə]; Pali: निब्बान nibbāna ; Prakrit: णिव्वाण ṇivvāṇa ) literally means "blown out", as in a candle. The term "nirvana" is most commonly associated with Buddhism, and represents its ultimate state of soteriological release and liberation from rebirths in samsara. In Indian religions, nirvana is synonymous with moksha, vimoksha, vimukti and mukti. All Indian religions assert it to be a state of perfect quietude, freedom, highest happiness along with it being the liberation from samsara, the repeating cycle of birth, life and death. However, Buddhist and non-Buddhist traditions describe these terms for liberation differently. In the Buddhist context, nirvana refers to realization of non-self and emptiness, marking the end of rebirth by stilling the fires that keep the process of rebirth going. In Hindu philosophy, it is the union of or the realization of the identity of Atman with Brahman, depending on the Hindu tradition. In Jainism, it is also the soteriological goal, but unlike Buddhism, it represents the release of a soul from karmic bondage and samsara.

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