En estadística, el coeficiente de determinación, denominado R² y pronunciado R cuadrado, es un estadístico usado en el contexto de un modelo estadístico cuyo principal propósito es predecir futuros resultados o probar una hipótesis. El coeficiente determina la calidad del modelo para replicar los resultados, y la proporción de variación de los resultados que puede explicarse por el modelo. Hay varias definiciones diferentes para R² que son algunas veces equivalentes. Las más comunes se refieren a la regresión lineal. En este caso, el R² es simplemente el cuadrado del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, lo cual es sólo cierto para la regresión lineal simple. Si existen varios resultados para una única variable, es decir, para una X existe una Y, Z... el coeficiente de determinación resulta del cuadrado del coeficiente de determinación múltiple. En ambos casos el R² adquiere valores entre 0 y 1. Existen casos dentro de la definición computacional de R² donde este valor puede tomar valores negativos.

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In statistics, the coefficient of determination, denoted R2 or r2 and pronounced "R squared", is a number that indicates the proportion of the variance in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variable. It is a statistic used in the context of statistical models whose main purpose is either the prediction of future outcomes or the testing of hypotheses, on the basis of other related information. It provides a measure of how well observed outcomes are replicated by the model, based on the proportion of total variation of outcomes explained by the model. There are several definitions of R2 that are only sometimes equivalent. One class of such cases includes that of simple linear regression where r2 is used instead of R2. When an intercept is included, then r2 is simply the square of the sample correlation coefficient (i.e., r) between the outcomes and their predicted values. If additional regressors are included, R2 is the square of the coefficient of multiple correlation. In both such cases, the coefficient of determination ranges from 0 to 1. Important cases where the computational definition of R2 can yield negative values, depending on the definition used, arise where the predictions that are being compared to the corresponding outcomes have not been derived from a model-fitting procedure using those data, and where linear regression is conducted without including an intercept. Additionally, negative values of R2 may occur when fitting non-linear functions to data. In cases where negative values arise, the mean of the data provides a better fit to the outcomes than do the fitted function values, according to this particular criterion.

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