Nikkei 225 (日経平均株価 Nikkei Heikin Kabuka?), comúnmente denominado índice Nikkei, es el índice bursátil más popular del mercado japonés, lo componen los 225 valores más líquidos que cotizan en la Bolsa de Tokio. Desde 1971, lo calcula el periódico Nihon Keizai Shinbun (Diario Japonés de los Negocios), de cuyas iniciales proviene el nombre del índice. Estos valores se caracterizan por su elevada liquidez. Tiene su base 100 el 16 de mayo de 1949. Alcanzó un máximo de 38.957,44 el 29 de diciembre de 1989. Los valores del índice Nikkei ponderan por precios y no por capitalización, aunque este cálculo difiere de una media simple ya que el divisor es ajustado. La lista de sus componentes es revisada anualmente y los cambios se hacen efectivos a principios de octubre, aunque pueden introducirse en casos excepcionales, cambios en otras fechas.

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The Nikkei 225 (日経平均株価 Nikkei heikin kabuka, 日経225), more commonly called the Nikkei, the Nikkei index, or the Nikkei Stock Average (/ˈnɪkeɪ/, /ˈniːkeɪ/, or /nɪˈkeɪ/), is a stock market index for the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE). It has been calculated daily by the Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Nikkei) newspaper since 1950. It is a price-weighted index (the unit is yen), and the components are reviewed once a year. Currently, the Nikkei is the most widely quoted average of Japanese equities, similar to the Dow Jones Industrial Average. In fact, it was known as the "Nikkei Dow Jones Stock Average" from 1975 to 1985. The Nikkei 225 began to be calculated on September 7, 1950, retroactively calculated back to May 16, 1949. Since January 2010 the index is updated every 15 seconds during trading sessions. The Nikkei 225 Futures, introduced at Singapore Exchange (SGX) in 1986, the Osaka Securities Exchange (OSE) in 1988, Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) in 1990, is now an internationally recognized futures index. The Nikkei average has deviated sharply from the textbook model of stock averages which grow at a steady exponential rate. The average hit its all-time high on December 29, 1989, during the peak of the Japanese asset price bubble, when it reached an intra-day high of 38,957.44 before closing at 38,915.87, having grown sixfold during the decade. Subsequently, it lost nearly all these gains, closing at 7,054.98 on March 10, 2009—81.9% below its peak twenty years earlier. Another major index for the Tokyo Stock Exchange is the Topix. On March 15, 2011, the second working day after the massive earthquake in the northeast part of Japan, the index dropped over 10% to finish at 8605.15, a loss of 1,015 points. The index continued to drop throughout 2011, eventually bottoming out at 8160.01 on November 25, putting it at its lowest close since March 10, 2009. The Nikkei fell over 17% in 2011, finishing the year at 8455.35, its lowest year-end closing value in nearly thirty years, when the index finished at 8016.70 in 1982. The Nikkei started 2013 near 10,600, hitting a peak of 15,942 in May. However, shortly afterward, it plunged by almost 10% before rebounding, making it the most volatile stock market index among the developed markets. By 2015, it has reached over 20,000 mark; marking a gain of over 10,000 in 2 years making it one of the fastest growing stock market indexes in the world.

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