Un colegio internacional japonés (日本人学校 Nihonjin gakkō?, lit. escuela japonesa) es un instituto de tiempo completo ubicado fuera de Japón para hablantes nativos del idioma japonés. Es una escuela de expatriados (un centro de enseñanza extranjero), diseñado para niños cuyos padres están trabajando en misiones diplomáticas, de negocios, o educativas en el extranjero, y tienen planes de regresar a Japón algún día. Estas escuelas ofrecen exactamente el mismo plan de estudios usado en los institutos públicos de educación primaria y media, así que cuando los estudiantes regresan a Japón, no se quedarán atrasados en los cursos. Algunas escuelas sólo aceptan ciudadanos japoneses, en otras admiten estudiantes hablantes de japonés sin importar la ciudadanía.

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Nihonjin gakkō (日本人学校 Nihonjin gakkō), also called Japanese school, is a full-day school outside Japan for native speakers of Japanese. It is an expatriate school designed for children whose parents are working on diplomatic, business, or education missions overseas and have plans to repatriate to Japan. The schools offer exactly the same curriculum used in public elementary and middle schools in Japan, so when the students go back to Japan, they will not fall behind in the class. Some schools accept Japanese citizens only; others welcome Japanese speaking students regardless of citizenship. They are accredited by Japan's Ministry of education and science and receive funding from the Japanese government. Every school has teachers transferred from Japan on a two- to three-year assignment. They hire locals as Japanese-speaking teachers, English and other language instructors, administrative assistants, gardeners, janitors and security guards. There were 85 schools worldwide as of April 2006, and all of these schools provide English classes in the primary education. Nihonjin gakkō serve elementary school and junior high school. One nihonjin gakkō, Shanghai Japanese School, has a senior high school program. Schools that partially offer the nihonjin gakkō's curriculum after school hours or on weekends are sometimes called Japanese Schools, too, but strictly speaking they are categorized as hoshū jugyō kō or hoshūkō, a supplementary school.

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