Un hostigador es un soldado de infantería o caballería ligeras, ubicado normalmente a cierta distancia por delante o a los flancos de un cuerpo mayor de tropas amigas. Históricamente estaban equipados con poca o ninguna armadura para mejorar su movilidad en el campo de batalla, y armas de proyectiles con las que poder enfrentarse al enemigo a distancia. Suelen desplegarse formando una línea de hostigadores, bien para hostigar al enemigo, bien para proteger a las tropas amigas de este tipo de ataques por parte del contrario.

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Skirmishers are light infantry or cavalry soldiers stationed to act as a vanguard, flank guard, or rearguard, screening a tactical position or a larger body of friendly troops from enemy advances. They are usually deployed in a skirmish line — an irregular open formation much more spread out in depth and breadth than a traditional line formation. Their purpose is to harass the enemy — engaging them in only light or sporadic combat in order to delay their movement, disrupt their attack, or weaken their morale. Skirmishers' open formations and smaller numbers can give them superior mobility over the regular forces, allowing them to fight on more favorable terms, taking advantage of better position or terrain and quickly withdrawing from any threat of superior enemy forces. Skirmishers can be either regular army units temporary detached to perform skirmishing, or specialty units specifically armed and trained for such low-level irregular warfare tactics. Light infantry, light cavalry, and irregular units often specialize in skirmishing. Though often critical in screening the main army from sudden enemy attacks, skirmishers are poor at taking and defending ground from heavy infantry or heavy cavalry. In modern times, following the obsolescence of such heavy troops, all infantry has become indistinguishable from skirmishers, and the term has lost military meaning. Those acting as skirmishers are said to skirmish. A battle with only light, relatively indecisive combat is often called a skirmish.

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