La electroerosión es un proceso de fabricación también conocido como mecanizado por descarga eléctrica o EDM (por su nombre en inglés, electrical discharge machining). El proceso de electroerosión consiste en la generación de un arco eléctrico entre una pieza y un electrodo en un medio dieléctrico para arrancar partículas de la pieza hasta conseguir reproducir en ella las formas del electrodo. Ambos, pieza y electrodo, deben ser conductores, para que pueda establecerse el arco eléctrico que provoque el arranque de material. Básicamente tiene dos variantes: 1. \n* El proceso que utiliza el electrodo de forma, conocido como ram EDM, donde el término ram quiere decir en inglés «ariete» y es ilustrativo del «choque» del electrodo contra la pieza o viceversa (pieza contra el electrodo). 2. \n* La que utiliza el electrodo de hilo metálico o alambre fino, WEDM (donde las siglas describen en inglés wire electrical discharge machining),

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Electrical discharge machining (EDM), sometimes colloquially also referred to as spark machining, spark eroding, burning, die sinking, wire burning or wire erosion, is a manufacturing process whereby a desired shape is obtained by using electrical discharges (sparks). Material is removed from the workpiece by a series of rapidly recurring current discharges between two electrodes, separated by a dielectric liquid and subject to an electric voltage. One of the electrodes is called the tool-electrode, or simply the "tool" or "electrode", while the other is called the workpiece-electrode, or "workpiece". The process depends upon the tool and workpiece not making actual contact. When the voltage between the two electrodes is increased, the intensity of the electric field in the volume between the electrodes becomes greater than the strength of the dielectric (at least in some places), which breaks down, allowing current to flow between the two electrodes. This phenomenon is the same as the breakdown of a capacitor (condenser) (see also breakdown voltage). As a result, material is removed from both electrodes. Once the current stops (or is stopped, depending on the type of generator), new liquid dielectric is usually conveyed into the inter-electrode volume, enabling the solid particles (debris) to be carried away and the insulating properties of the dielectric to be restored. Adding new liquid dielectric in the inter-electrode volume is commonly referred to as "flushing". Also, after a current flow, the difference of potential between the electrodes is restored to what it was before the breakdown, so that a new liquid dielectric breakdown can occur.

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