De forma particular, el orden de batalla es la formación de tropas con un frente extendido y de poco fondo, pero en general se comprende bajo este nombre la disposición de las tropas más o menos desplegadas, dispuestas para el combate o una operación determinada. Se colocan sobre una o más líneas y en diferentes sentidos, según lo permita la naturaleza del terreno, la disposición del enemigo, el plan del general o jefe de las fuerzas o que permitan las circunstancias que precedan.

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In modern use, the order of battle of an armed force participating in a military operation or campaign shows the hierarchical organization, command structure, strength, disposition of personnel, and equipment of units and formations of the armed force. Various abbreviations are in use, including OOB, O/B, or OB, while ORBAT remains the most common in the United Kingdom. An order of battle should be distinguished from a table of organisation, which is the intended composition of a given unit or formation according to the military doctrine of its armed force. As combat operations develop during a campaign, orders of battle may be revised and altered in response to the military needs and challenges. Also the known details of an order of battle may change during the course of executing the commanders' after action reports and/or other accounting methods (e.g. despatches) as combat assessment is conducted.

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