Un sistema planetario está formado por una estrella central o varias (sistema estelar), y distintos objetos orbitando a su alrededor. Nuestro sistema planetario, el sistema solar, está formado por el Sol, los diferentes planetas y una multitud de cuerpos menores. Se conocen más de 2500 estrellas a cuyo alrededor orbita por lo menos un planeta.

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A planetary system is a set of gravitationally bound non-stellar objects in orbit around a star or star system. Generally speaking, systems with one or more planets constitute a planetary system, although such systems may also consist of bodies such as dwarf planets, asteroids, natural satellites, meteoroids, comets, planetesimals and circumstellar disks. The Sun together with its planetary system, which includes Earth, is known as the Solar System. The term exoplanetary system is sometimes used in reference to other planetary systems. There are at least 2,649 known planetary systems, including 595 systems consisting of multiple planets as of 1 October 2016. These systems contain more than 3,532 known exoplanets. Debris disks are also known to be common, though other objects are more difficult to observe. Of particular interest to astrobiology is the habitable zone of planetary systems where planets could have surface liquid water, and thus the capacity to harbor Earth-like life.

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