La gestión de la información no tiene una diferenciación clara con la gestión documental o la archivística. La GI aparece a mediados de los años 1950, cuando los sistemas informáticos empezaron a ser comunes en todo tipo de organizaciones. De acuerdo a la definición que se haga de "documento" y "archivo", puede llegar a utilizarse indistintamente los conceptos. El uso del término es extendido cuando se quiere hacer énfasis en un modelo de gestión documental que, además de los elementos tradicionales, involucra tecnología de la información y la comunicación (TIC), en la organización, almacenamiento, y recuperación de información. En este contexto, un experto en GI deberá, además de poseer la competencias de archivística, tener competencias en áreas relacionadas con las TIC tales como redes de computadores, criptografía, administración de sistemas operativos y servidores, etc.

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Information management (IM) concerns a cycle of organisational activity: the acquisition of information from one or more sources, the custodianship and the distribution of that information to those who need it, and its ultimate disposition through archiving or deletion. This cycle of organisational involvement with information involves a variety of stakeholders: for example those who are responsible for assuring the quality, accessibility and utility of acquired information, those who are responsible for its safe storage and disposal, and those who need it for decision making. Stakeholders might have rights to originate, change, distribute or delete information according to organisational information management policies. Information management embraces all the generic concepts of management, including: planning, organizing, structuring, processing, controlling, evaluation and reporting of information activities, all of which is needed in order to meet the needs of those with organisational roles or functions that depend on information. Information management is closely related to, and overlaps with, the management of data, systems, technology, processes and – where the availability of information is critical to organisational success – strategy. This broad view of the realm of information management contrasts with the earlier, more traditional view, that the life cycle of managing information is an operational matter that requires specific procedures, organisational capabilities and standards that deal with information as a product or a service.

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