La vesícula en biología celular es también llamada vesícula pinocítica, es un orgánulo que forma un compartimento pequeño y cerrado, separado del citoplasma por una bicapa lipídica igual que la membrana celular. Las vesículas almacenan, transportan o digieren productos y residuos celulares. Son una herramienta fundamental de la célula para la organización del metabolismo. Muchas vesículas se crean en el aparato de Golgi, pero también en el retículo endoplasmático rugoso (RER), o se forman a partir de partes de la membrana plasmática.Las vesículas de secreción se denominan GERL, que significa una porción del retículo endoplásmico cerca del aparato de Golgi y carente de ribosomas. Estas vesículas se originan por secreción celular de las cisternas membranosas del complejo de Golgi, presentes únicamente en las células eucariotas y que se diferencian en lisosomas (animales) y vacuolas funcionales (en vegetales).Las vesículas con alto contenido enzimático( fosfatasa ácida y otros complejos enzimáticos hidrosolubles) se encuentran empaquetados dentro de los lisosomas en sus 4 tipos (gránulo de reserva, heterofagosoma o vacuola digestiva, cuerpos residuales y el autofagosoma, citolisosoma o vacuola autofágica), las enzimas lisosómicas son sintetizadas por los ribosomas y empaquetadas y modificadas por las cisternas membranosas del complejo de Golgi.

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In cell biology, a vesicle is a small structure within a cell, consisting of fluid enclosed by a lipid bilayer. Vesicles form naturally during the processes of secretion (exocytosis), uptake (phagocytosis and endocytosis) and transport of materials within the cytoplasm. Alternatively, they may be prepared artificially, in which case they are called liposomes. If there is only one phospholipid bilayer, they are called unilamellar liposome vesicles; otherwise they are called multilamellar. The membrane enclosing the vesicle is also a lamellar phase, similar to that of the plasma membrane and vesicles can fuse with the plasma membrane to release their contents outside the cell. Vesicles can also fuse with other organelles within the cell. Vesicles perform a variety of functions. Because it is separated from the cytosol, the inside of the vesicle can be made to be different from the cytosolic environment. For this reason, vesicles are a basic tool used by the cell for organizing cellular substances. Vesicles are involved in metabolism, transport, buoyancy control, and enzyme storage. They can also act as chemical reaction chambers. IUPAC definition Closed structure formed by amphiphilic molecules that contains solvent (usually water). The 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was shared by James Rothman, Randy Schekman and Thomas Südhof for their roles (building upon earlier research, some of it by their mentors) on the makeup and function of cell vesicles, especially in yeasts and in humans, including information on each vesicle's parts and how they are assembled. When cell vesicles, which help maintain a balance or equilibrium inside and outside of the blood vessels and cells (between the intravascular and extravascular spaces and the intracellular and extracellular spaces, respectively), malfunction, potentially serious and often fatal conditions are the result. The dysfunction is thought to contribute to Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, some hard-to-treat cases of epilepsy, some cancers and immunological disorders and certain neurovascular conditions. These are likely either caused, influenced, or made worse, by the disorders of the cell vesicles.

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