La abeja reina es una de las tres castas que tienen las abejas melíferas. Es la única hembra fértil que pone huevos fecundados que dan origen a abejas obreras infértiles y pone huevos no fecundados que dan origen a zánganos fértiles, por un mecanismo denominado partenogénesis.

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The term "queen bee" is typically used to refer to an adult, mated female that lives in a honey bee colony or hive; she is usually the mother of most, if not all, of the bees in the beehive. The queens are developed from larvae selected by worker bees and specially fed in order to become sexually mature. There is normally only one adult, mated queen in a hive, in which case the bees will usually follow and fiercely protect her. The term "queen bee" can be more generally applied to any dominant reproductive female in a colony of a eusocial bee species other than honey bees. However, as in the Brazilian stingless bee Schwarziana quadripunctata, a single nest may have multiple queens or even dwarf queens, ready to replace a dominant queen in a case of sudden death.

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