Un taiko (太鼓 taiko? literalmente "gran tambor") es un tambor japonés, tocado con baquetas de madera denominadas bachi. Fuera de Japón, el término se refiere a los distintos tipos de tambores japoneses. Tambor en japonés se escribe 'wa-daiko' (和太鼓). Taiko también se refiere al relativamente reciente arte de ensamble musical de percusión taiko (en japonés, conocido como "kumi-daiko"). El taiko es empleado en muchos eventos festivos tradicionales de Japón, siendo en ocasiones el centro de atracción, como en el Bon Odori, una danza tradicional. Debido a su gran peso los japoneses suelen dejarlo fijo en un sitio (pasa lo mismo con el piano), para no tener que llevarlo con gran esfuerzo a otro lugar. Su peso oscila entre los 295 y 310 kilogramos. Ambos extremos están cubiertos por membranas, pero solo se percute de un lado con un grueso par de mazos de madera. Los que se ganan la vida gracias a este fantástico instrumento lo transportan en carretas, y los más atrevidos, lo llevan a la espalda.

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Taiko (太鼓?) are a broad range of Japanese percussion instruments. In Japanese, the term refers to any kind of drum, but outside Japan, it is used to refer to any of the various Japanese drums called wadaiko (和太鼓 "Japanese drums") and to the form of ensemble taiko drumming more specifically called kumi-daiko (組太鼓 "set of drums"). The process of constructing taiko varies between manufacturers, and preparation of both the drum body and skin can take several years depending on methodology. Taiko have a mythological origin in Japanese folklore, but historical records suggest that taiko were introduced to Japan through Korean and Chinese cultural influence as early as the 6th century CE. Some taiko are similar to instruments originating from India. Archaeological evidence also supports that taiko were present in Japan during the 6th century in the Kofun period. Their function has varied through history, ranging from communication, military action, theatrical accompaniment, and religious ceremony to both festival and concert performances. In modern times, taiko have also played a central role in social movements for minorities both within and outside Japan. Kumi-daiko performance, characterized by an ensemble playing on different drums, was developed in 1951 through the work of Daihachi Oguchi and has continued with groups such as Kodo. Other performance styles, such as hachijō-daiko, have also emerged from specific communities in Japan. Kumi-daiko performance groups are active not only in Japan, but also in the United States, Australia, Canada, and Brazil. Taiko performance consists of many components in technical rhythm, form, stick grip, clothing, and the particular instrumentation. Ensembles typically use different types of barrel-shaped nagadō-daiko as well as smaller shime-daiko. Many groups accompany the drums with vocals, strings, and woodwind instruments.

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