Se conoce como derecha al segmento del espectro político que acepta las diferencias sociales como algo inevitable, natural o normal frente a la izquierda, que persigue la igualdad de la sociedad. No existe una definición estricta de derecha aunque dadas un conjunto de dicotomías como el individualismo frente a colectivismo, confesionalidad frente a laicismo, propiedad privada frente a propiedad pública de ciertas actividades económicas, igualdad de oportunidades frente a igualdad de resultados, tradicionalismo frente a reformismo social, conservadurismo frente a progresismo, la derecha se decanta estadísticamente por las primeras componentes de cada una de ellas en mayor proporción que la izquierda. Actualmente, el discurso político de la mayor parte de fuerzas de derecha habla favorablemente de la riqueza a través de la libre competitividad. El término derecha política tiene muchas connotaciones e ideas conflictivas en la actualidad, estando asociado a posiciones liberales(en contexto económico y democrático), capitalistas, conservadoras o religiosas. Engloba por tanto a corrientes ideológicas muy diversas cuya separación puede ser tajante, aunque también pueden ser compatibles, que ante todo busquen el mantenimiento del orden social establecido (tradicionalismo, conservadurismo). En oposición a la izquierda política, el sector más liberal enfatiza el libre mercado por encima del intervencionismo de las administraciones públicas y busca potenciar valores y derechos individuales, frente a posiciones colectivistas, solidarias o estatistas, mientras que el sector más conservador es partidario del encuadramiento colectivo en estructuras rígidamente jerarquizadas y disciplinadas.

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Right-wing politics hold that certain social orders and hierarchies are inevitable, natural, normal, or desirable, typically defending this position on the basis of natural law, economics or tradition. Hierarchy and inequality may be viewed as natural results of traditional social differences or competition in market economies. The political terms Right and Left were first used during the French Revolution (1789–99), and referred to seating arrangements in the French parliament; those who sat to the right of the chair of the parliamentary president were broadly supportive of the institutions of the monarchist Ancien Régime. The original Right in France was formed as a reaction against the Left, and comprised those politicians supporting hierarchy, tradition, and clericalism. The use of the expression la droite (the right) became prominent in France after the restoration of the monarchy in 1815, when it was applied to the Ultra-royalists. The people of English-speaking countries did not apply the terms "right" and "left" to their own politics until the 20th century. From the 1830s to the 1880s, there was a shift in the Western world of social class structure and the economy, moving away from nobility and aristocracy towards capitalism. This general economic shift toward capitalism affected centre right movements such as the British Conservative Party, which responded by becoming supportive of capitalism. Although the right-wing originated with traditional conservatives, monarchists and reactionaries, the term right-wing has been applied to extreme movements including fascists, Nazis, and racial supremacists. In the United States, the Right includes both economic and social conservatives. In Europe, economic conservatives are usually considered liberal, and the Right includes nationalists, nativist opposition to immigration, religious conservatives, and historically a significant presence of right-wing movements with anti-capitalist sentiments including conservatives and fascists who opposed what they saw as the selfishness and excessive materialism inherent in contemporary capitalism.

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