En ingeniería eléctrica, un sistema monofásico es un sistema de producción, distribución y consumo de energía eléctrica formado por una única corriente alterna o fase y por lo tanto todo el voltaje varía de la misma forma. La distribución monofásica de la electricidad se suele usar cuando las cargas son principalmente de iluminación y de calefacción, y para pequeños motores eléctricos. Un suministro monofásico conectado a un motor eléctrico de corriente alterna no producirá un campo magnético giratorio, por lo que los motores monofásicos necesitan circuitos adicionales para su arranque, y son poco usuales para potencias por encima de los 10 kW. El voltaje y la frecuencia de esta corriente dependen del país o región, siendo 230 y 115 Voltios los valores más extendidos para el voltaje y 50 o 60 Hercios para la frecuencia.

Leer el artículo completo en Wikipedia · CC-BY-SA

In electrical engineering, single-phase electric power is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltages of the supply vary in unison. Single-phase distribution is used when loads are mostly lighting and heating, with few large electric motors. A single-phase supply connected to an alternating current electric motor does not produce a revolving magnetic field; single-phase motors need additional circuits for starting, and such motors are uncommon above 10 kW in rating. Single phase AC power systems peak in voltage at 90° and 270°. A cycle completes at 360°. Because of the rises and falls in voltage, power is not delivered at a constant rate. In contrast, in a three-phase system, the currents in each conductor reach their peak instantaneous values sequentially, not simultaneously; in each cycle of the power frequency, first one, then the second, then the third current reaches its maximum value. The waveforms of the three supply conductors are offset from one another in time (delayed in phase) by one-third of their period. When the three phases are connected to windings around the interior of a motor stator, they produce a revolving magnetic field; such motors are self-starting. "The primary difference between single phase and three phase AC power is the constancy of delivery." Standard frequencies of single-phase power systems are either 50 or 60 Hz. Special single-phase traction power networks may operate at 16.67 Hz or other frequencies to power electric railways. In some countries such as the United States, single phase is commonly divided in half to create split-phase electric power for household appliances and lighting.

Leer el artículo completo en Wikipedia · CC-BY-SA